{"id":7807,"date":"2014-07-29T12:55:56","date_gmt":"2014-07-29T12:55:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/maverickphilosopher.blog\/index.php\/2014\/07\/29\/an-active-passive-puzzle\/"},"modified":"2014-07-29T12:55:56","modified_gmt":"2014-07-29T12:55:56","slug":"an-active-passive-puzzle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/maverickphilosopher.blog\/index.php\/2014\/07\/29\/an-active-passive-puzzle\/","title":{"rendered":"An Active-Passive Puzzle"},"content":{"rendered":"

UPDATE (7\/31):  The following entry is deeply confused.  But I will leave it up for the sake of the  commenters, David Gordon and AJ,  who refuted it.  In my defense I will say something Roderick Chisholm once said about himself in a similar connection, namely, that I wrote something clear enough to be mistaken.<\/span><\/p>\n

…………..<\/span><\/p>\n

The following two sentences are in the active and passive voices, respectively:<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

1. Tom said that someone was in the vicinity.<\/span><\/p>\n

2. Someone was said by Tom to be in the vicinity.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Both sentences 'say the same thing,' i.e., express the same proposition, the same thought, the same Fregean Gedanke<\/em>.  Aren't active-to-passive and passive-to-active transformations in general truth- and sense-preserving?  But the two sentences have different entailments. <\/span><\/p>\n

(2), which is de re<\/em>, entails that someone was in the vicinity.  (1), which is de dicto<\/em>, does not entail that someone was in the vicinity.  But if the two sentences have different entailments, then they cannot express one and the same proposition.<\/span><\/p>\n

The puzzle expressed as an aporetic triad:<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

A. (1) and (2) express the same proposition.<\/span><\/p>\n

B. (2) entails a proposition — Someone was in the vicinity<\/em> — that is not entailed by (1).<\/span><\/p>\n

C. If p, q are the same proposition, then for any proposition x, p entails x iff q entails x.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

The limbs of the triad are individually plausible but collectively inconsistent.<\/span><\/p>\n

How do we solve, or perhaps dissolve, this puzzle?<\/span><\/p>\n

\nRelated articles<\/legend>\n
\n
\"\"<\/a>Knowledge and Belief: An Aporetic Triad<\/a><\/div>\n
\"\"<\/a>Metaphysical Grounding and the Euthyphro Dilemma<\/a><\/div>\n
\"\"<\/a>Are Propositions Counterexamples to Brentano's Thesis?<\/a><\/div>\n
\"\"<\/a>A Being-Knowledge Antilogism<\/a><\/div>\n
\"\"<\/a>What Problem Does Literary Fiction Pose?<\/a><\/div>\n
\"\"<\/a>Modal Logic<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/fieldset>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

UPDATE (7\/31):  The following entry is deeply confused.  But I will leave it up for the sake of the  commenters, David Gordon and AJ,  who refuted it.  In my defense I will say something Roderick Chisholm once said about himself in a similar connection, namely, that I wrote something clear enough to be mistaken. ………….. … Continue reading “An Active-Passive Puzzle”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,408],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7807","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aporetics","category-language-philosophy-of"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/maverickphilosopher.blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7807","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/maverickphilosopher.blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/maverickphilosopher.blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maverickphilosopher.blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maverickphilosopher.blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7807"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/maverickphilosopher.blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7807\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/maverickphilosopher.blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7807"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maverickphilosopher.blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7807"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maverickphilosopher.blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7807"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}